Treatments

Abdominal adhesion surgery

Find out why abdominal adhesions form and what abdominal adhesion surgery involves, including preparation, the operation itself, recovery and risks.

Abdominal wall reconstruction

Find out what abdominal wall reconstruction involves, from hernia repair techniques and preparation, to what happens in surgery and recovery.

Abdominoperineal resection

Abdominoperineal resection (also known as APR) is a procedure to remove your rectum, anal canal and lower bowel. A permanent colostomy (stoma) is created to allow for the passage of stool.

ACDF surgery (anterior cervical discectomy and fusion)

If you’ve been living with neck pain, arm numbness or weakness that isn’t improving, ACDF surgery may help. ACDF surgery at Nuffield Health is designed to relieve pressure on the nerves or spinal cord and restore stability in the neck. It’s a well‑established procedure with a strong track record of improving symptoms and quality of life.

Achilles repair or reconstruction

Achilles tendon repair surgery stitches a ruptured (completely torn) Achilles tendon back together. The Achilles tendon is the strong band of tissue that connects your calf muscles to your heel bone and allows you to push off when walking or running. When the two torn ends cannot be joined directly, reconstruction uses a nearby tendon to bridge the gap.

Acupuncture

Acupuncture is a treatment in which a trained healthcare professional inserts very fine, sterile needles into specific points on your body. This stimulates nerves and other tissues, which can help reduce pain and ease specific symptoms.

Adenoidectomy

An Adenoidectomy is an operation to remove the adenoids, small glands at the back of the nose that help the body fight infection in early childhood. It is one of the most common surgical procedures performed on children.

Adnexal surgery

Learn what adnexal surgery involves, from ovarian cysts and blocked fallopian tubes to preparation, the operation itself, recovery time and risks.

Adult audiology hearing aid provision

If your GP has diagnosed a hearing problem you will be referred for a hearing test and hearing aid fitting if needed. Our Audiological experts can quickly assess your needs and fit you with an the right hearing aid for you.

Amputations

An amputation is the removal of a body part. Removal could be the result of an accident (traumatic injury) or a planned amputation due to disease or a tumour.

Angioplasty

Understand what angioplasty involves, from why it's needed and what happens during the procedure, to your hospital recovery, risks and aftercare.

Ankle arthroscopy

Ankle arthroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure, often called "keyhole surgery," that allows an orthopaedic surgeon to diagnose and treat problems inside the ankle joint.

Ankle fusion

Ankle fusion, also known as ankle arthrodesis, is a surgical procedure performed to relieve chronic pain and instability caused by severe end-stage ankle arthritis or trauma. Damaged or diseased cartilage is removed from the joint and then the main ankle bones - the tibia (shin bone) and the talus - are permanently joined together with screws and plates.

Ankle ligament repair

Ankle ligament repair is a surgical procedure designed to treat chronic ankle instability, a condition where the ankle frequently feels wobbly and "gives way." This instability typically occurs after repeated or severe ankle sprains have stretched or torn the ligaments on the outside of the ankle, leaving them too loose to effectively support the joint.

Ankle replacement surgery

If long-term ankle pain is limiting your mobility, ankle replacement surgery might be an appropriate option for you. Our expert surgeons at Nuffield Health offer this as a way of reducing pain and improving your day-to-day comfort while preserving ankle flexibility.

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a ligament located in the middle of your knee that connects the front of your shin bone to the back of your thigh bone and helps to stabilise the knee. Tears (or ruptures) to this ligament can occur when making sharp twists and turns, causing the knee to ‘give way’ or collapse. This is commonly as a result of an injury whilst skiing, or a sporting injury. An ACL reconstruction replaces the ligament with a piece of suitable tissue from elsewhere in your body (an autograft) or from a donor (allograft).

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) repair

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a ligament in the middle of your knee that connects the front of shin bone thigh bones to the back of your thigh bone and helps to stabilise the knee. Tears (or ruptures) to this ligament can occur when making sharp twists and turns, causing the knee to ‘give way’ or collapse. An ACL repair stitches the damaged ligament back together.

Anterior resection surgery

If you’ve been diagnosed with a condition affecting the lower bowel or rectum, anterior resection surgery may help by removing the diseased section and restoring healthy bowel function.

Anti-VEGF intravitreal injections for wet age-related macular degeneration

Wet age-related macular degeneration (wet AMD) can affect your central vision quickly, so early assessment and treatment matter. Anti-VEGF injections are given into the eye to reduce leaking from abnormal blood vessels at the back of the eye, with the aim of protecting your sight. At Nuffield Health, our consultant ophthalmologists can assess your eyes, explain your treatment options and support you through your injections and follow-up.

Antral washout

If you have chronic (constant) sinus infections your consultant may recommend antral washout.

Aortic aneurysm repair

Find out what aortic aneurysm repair involves, from open surgery and keyhole options, to what happens on the day and your recovery afterwards.

Aortic Root Repair

Aortic root repair is a complex type of open-heart surgery performed to fix the base of the aorta, which is the large artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body. This procedure is most commonly required to treat an aortic aneurysm (a dangerous bulge in the artery wall) or an aortic dissection (a tear in its lining) at this critical location.

Aortic stent grafts

Learn how aortic stent grafts repair aneurysms without open surgery, including how they're planned, fitted, monitored afterwards, and their risks.

Aortofemoral bypass

An aortofemoral bypass is a procedure to insert artificial tubes (grafts) above blocked iliac arteries and connect the ends of the graft to your femoral arteries.

Appendicectomy

Thinking about having an appendicectomy? Find out what happens before, during and after surgery to remove your appendix, plus the risks and recovery.

Aquablation® therapy

With over 500 procedures performed nationally, Aquablation® therapy is a minimally invasive procedure that uses a heat-free waterjet to remove excess prostate tissue. This relieves urinary symptoms caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate.

Areola reduction

The dark skin area around your nipples is called the areola. If you feel this area is too large you may be a candidate for areola reduction surgery.

Arterial Surgery

A guide to arterial surgery, including bypass and endarterectomy, covering the conditions it treats, preparation, the procedure, recovery and risks.

Arthrosamid® injections

Arthrosamid® injections cushion the knee joint to help relieve pain, ease stiffness, and improve mobility. This long-lasting, non-biodegradable hydrogel offers people with knee osteoarthritis a new and effective treatment option.

Assessment of all aspects of cardiology

What a full cardiology assessment involves, from history-taking and physical examination to ECGs, scans and, where needed, more invasive tests.

Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI)

ACI (autologous chondrocyte implantation) and MACI (matrix-induced chondrocyte implantation) are advanced tissue-engineered technologies used to repair large areas of damaged cartilage in a joint, commonly the knee joint, using your body's own cultured cells to regenerate the joint surface.

Balloon Sinuplasty

Balloon sinuplasty is a safe and minimally invasive procedure used by surgeons to treat chronic sinusitis. Doctors thread a guide wire equipped with a tiny balloon into the nostrils and up to the area of blockage.

Big toe fusion surgery

When arthritis makes every step feel painful or stiff, especially in the big toe, big toe fusion surgery can help restore comfort and stability. Our expert surgeons at Nuffield Health aim to restore long-term function of your big toe and help you to walk with ease again.

Bilateral Tenotomy

What a bilateral tenotomy involves, including its role in clubfoot treatment, how it's performed, recovery, bracing afterwards and possible risks.

Bile duct resection

A guide to bile duct resection for bile duct cancer, covering the types of surgery, preparation, what happens during and after, and possible risks.

Biliary drainage

Understand biliary drainage: why bile ducts become blocked, how the procedure works, what to expect during recovery, and the possible risks involved.

Biotherapy

Biotherapy, sometimes called biological therapy, is an advanced cancer treatment that harnesses and enhances your body's own immune system to better recognise and destroy cancerous cells.

Blepharoplasty (eyelid lift surgery)

If loose or sagging skin around your eyes is making you look tired or affecting your confidence, blepharoplasty can help refresh and rejuvenate the area for a smoother, more youthful appearance. At Nuffield Health, our surgeons are experienced at performing eyelid lift surgery, offering personalised care, modern techniques and clear guidance at every step.

Body contouring

Body contouring, also called body sculpting, is a term that covers a range of medical and surgical procedures designed to reshape specific areas of the body. It can reduce localised pockets of fat, remove excess skin, and improve the shape of areas that do not respond to diet and exercise alone.

Bone Graft

Surgeons can perform a bone graft to repair or rebuild damaged bone in many areas of your body.

Brachioplasty (arm lift surgery)

If you’re bothered by sagging skin or “bingo wings” and want a smoother, more defined arm shape, brachioplasty (arm lift surgery) at Nuffield Health can offer a long-lasting solution, tailored to your needs.

Brachytherapy

Advanced LDR brachytherapy for the treatment of early-stage prostate cancer. This minimally invasive technique uses precision-placed radioactive seeds to deliver targeted radiation directly to the prostate, reducing side effects and supporting faster recovery.

Brain surgery

Brain surgery, also known as neurosurgery, is surgical treatment concerned with the prevention, diagnosis, and rehabilitation of disorders which affect any portion of the nervous system including the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves.

Breast augmentation (enlargement)

Breast augmentation involves inserting implants behind the breasts to make them larger and improve their shape.

Breast implant removal and replacement

Breast implants can shape how you feel about your body, but as life changes, so can your relationship with them. Whether you’re ready for a different look or facing a medical concern, removing or replacing implants can be an important step towards feeling more like yourself again. At Nuffield Health, our experienced breast surgeons offer clear guidance and compassionate care to help you make the choice that’s right for you.

Breast lipomodelling

Breast lipomodelling is a technique which involves transferring fat from a donor site (such as the abdominal wall or thighs) to the breast.

Breast oncology

A guide to breast oncology: how breast cancer is diagnosed, the surgical and non-surgical treatment options available, and what recovery involves.

Breast reconstruction

A breast reconstruction is an operation to recreate a breast shape after you have had a mastectomy (breast removal). There are two types of breast reduction procedures, which include breast reconstruction using an implant and breast reconstruction using a latissimus dorsi flap.

Breast reduction surgery

Breast reduction, aslo known as mammoplasty, is a cosmetic procedure to remove excess fat and skin from the breasts making them smaller, better shaped and more uplifted.

Breast uplift (mastopexy)

A breast uplift is cosmetic surgery is to remove excess skin and reshape your breasts.

Brow lift

A brow lift, sometimes referred to as a forehead lift, is an operation to smooth the area from your eyebrows to your hairline. By repositioning soft tissue and skin of the brow and forehead, a brow lift freshens the appearance of the forehead, the brow and the area around the eyes.

Bulkamid® Injections

Find out what Bulkamid injections involve, from the procedure and recovery to the benefits and risks, in this guide for women with stress incontinence.

Bunion surgery (bunionectomy)

A bunion is a bony bump on the joint at the base of your big toe. Bunion surgery (a bunionectomy) is an effective operation to remove the bony bump and realign the big toe joint, allowing you to return to your daily activities in comfort.

Buttock lift

Find out what a buttock lift involves, who it can help, what happens before and during surgery, the surgical techniques used, and recovery and risks.

Calcaneal osteotomy

A calcaneal osteotomy is a procedure usually performed to correct damage caused by osteoarthritis or a deformity in your heel.

Capsulectomy

Understand what a capsulectomy involves, who might need one, the different techniques used, and what to expect before, during and after surgery.

Cardiac catheterisation (coronary angiogram)

If you are experiencing symptoms such as chest pain or breathlessness, a coronary angiogram is a diagnostic procedure that allows us to see whether the cause is a narrowing in the arteries supplying blood to your heart.

Cardiac rehabilitation

Find out what cardiac rehabilitation involves, who it can help, what happens before and during sessions, and the benefits for your recovery.

Cardioversion

Understand what cardioversion involves, who it can help, what happens before and during the procedure, and recovery, risks and success rates.

Care for the elderly

Our experienced consultants can diagnose and treat illness and conditions specific to older adult patients.

Carotid endarterectomy

Carotid endarterectomy is a surgical procedure to treat severe narrowing of the main artery in your neck, removing the plaque that is restricting blood flow to the brain and acting as a major risk factor for stroke.

Carotid surgery

Find out what carotid surgery involves, from the different approaches and what happens during the operation to recovery, risks and warning signs.

Carpal tunnel release surgery

When pain, tingling or weakness in your hand starts to affect everyday tasks, carpal tunnel release surgery can offer lasting relief. At Nuffield Health, our experienced surgeons perform carpal tunnel releases every year, guiding you through every step with clarity and care.

Cartilage reconstruction

Explore the different approaches to cartilage reconstruction, including how surgeons repair damaged knee cartilage and when this treatment is used.

Cartilage resurfacing

From smoothing worn cartilage to implants, explore the different techniques used in cartilage resurfacing and which might suit your knee damage.

Cataract surgery

Cataract surgery replaces the cloudy lens in your eye with a clear artificial one to help restore clearer vision. At Nuffield Health, our ophthalmologists (eye specialists) will talk you through your options, including lens types, so your treatment suits your needs.

Cervical Disc Replacement

Cervical disc replacement is a surgical solution for chronic neck and arm pain caused by a damaged disc, where the unhealthy disc is removed and replaced with a modern prosthesis that mimics its natural function.

Cervical facet joint injection

Neck pain can creep into every part of life – from turning your head while driving to simply getting comfortable at night. A cervical facet joint injection helps calm that irritation at its source, easing pain and giving you the freedom to move more naturally again.

Cervical Spine Surgery

Cervical spine surgery at Nuffield Health can take many forms, including myelopathy, cervical disc replacement, cervical neuropathy, cervical spondylitis and disc prolapse.

Cheilectomy

Cheilectomy is an alternative procedure offered by consultants to treat Hallux Rigidus (stiffness and pain in the big toe, usually caused by arthritis).

Chemical peel

A chemical peel is a non-surgical procedure to enhance your facial appearance including reducing the signs of ageing, decreasing mild scarring, age spots and freckles and improving the texture and colour of your face.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy is the use of chemicals or drugs (cytotoxic agents) to disrupt or stop the growth of cancer cells. Chemotherapy can be administered in several ways, including tablets, injections or intravenously (directly into your bloodstream).

Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

Understand what child and adolescent psychiatry involves, which conditions it covers, and what to expect from an assessment, from Nuffield Health.

Chin reshaping (Genioplasty)

Genioplasty can enlarge, reduce or reshape your chin. Find out what the surgery involves, from your options and recovery to the possible risks.

Chondroplasty

Find out what chondroplasty involves, from keyhole surgery for damaged knee cartilage to recovery timelines and returning to sport, with Nuffield Health.

Circumcision

A circumcision is a surgical operation to remove all, or part of, your foreskin.

Clinical Psychology

Cold Coagulation

Find out what cold coagulation involves, from treating abnormal cervical cells to recovery, risks and follow-up, explained clearly by Nuffield Health.

Colorectal surgery

Colorectal surgery is a special type of surgery that treats a wide range of problems with the large bowel (your colon, rectum, and anus).

Contraception

Contraceception is a key part of looking after your sexual and reproductive health, with a wide variety of methods available to prevent pregnancy and help you plan for your future.

Corneal transplant surgery

If a damaged or diseased cornea is blurring your vision or causing ongoing pain and irritation, a corneal transplant can help restore clearer sight, comfort and the natural structure of your eye. At Nuffield Health, our consultant ophthalmologists are experienced in performing both full and partial corneal transplants, offering personalised care, modern surgical techniques and clear guidance at every step.

Coronary Angioplasty (Percutaneous Coronary Intervention or PCI)

Coronary angioplasty (or PCI) is a procedure to re-open a narrowed artery in the heart by inflating a tiny balloon in the narrowed segments.

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG)

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery, commonly known as bypass surgery, is a procedure that relieves chest pain (angina) and improves heart function by using a healthy blood vessel from another part of your body to create a new route for blood to flow around a blocked artery.

Correction of scoliosis

The goal of treating scoliosis is to stop the spine's sideways curve from getting worse and, where possible, to straighten it and reduce any pain. Depending on your specific case, this is achieved through different methods, from careful monitoring and bracing to specialised surgery.

Craniofacial reconstruction

Craniofacial reconstruction repairs the skull, face and jaw after injury, birth conditions or tumours. Find out what the surgery, recovery and risks involve.

Cryotherapy

Learn how cryotherapy freezes and removes abnormal tissue, from skin lesions to tumours, including what to expect, recovery and risks, from Nuffield Health.

Cubital tunnel release

Cubital tunnel release, also known as ulnar nerve release, is an operation that treats the symptoms of a compressed nerve on the inside of your elbow (the 'funny bone' nerve) by creating more space for the nerve to move freely.

Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) surgery

If your eyes keep watering or tear excessively, Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) surgery creates a new pathway to allow tears to drain from the eye into the nose, allowing tears to bypass the blocked duct and drain naturally.

Dental implants

A dental implant is an artificial tooth root, usually made of titanium, that is surgically placed into your jawbone to anchor a replacement tooth or bridge securely. This modern technique provides a long-lasting and reliable solution for missing teeth.

Dermal fillers

Understand what dermal fillers involve, from the different types available to what happens during treatment, recovery and risks, with Nuffield Health.

Dermatological surgery

Find out what dermatological surgery involves, from removing skin cancers and moles to Mohs surgery, recovery times and the possible risks involved.

Dermatopathology

A dermatopathologist is a specialist in dermatology and pathology. When a dermatologist takes a sample of your skin for analysis and diagnosis, the sample is often examined by a dermatopathologist under a microscope.

Deviated septum (septoplasty)

Understand what a deviated septum is, when septoplasty surgery may help, and what to expect before, during and after the procedure, from Nuffield Health.

Dietician

Find out what a dietitian does, the conditions and situations they help with, how they work with you, and what to expect if you're referred to one.

Dilation and curettage (D&C)

Dilation and curettage (D&C) removes tissue from the womb to diagnose or treat conditions like abnormal bleeding or miscarriage. Here's what to expect.

Drug therapy

Drug therapy is the treatment of disease or symptoms by administering medication. It can be used within many specialty areas including oncology, general medicine and pain management.

Dry eye treatment

Dry eye syndrome can be caused by a range of factors, including ageing, blocked eyelid glands, screen use and contact lens wear. At Nuffield Health, our consultant ophthalmologists provide specialist assessment and personalised dry eye treatment, from prescription therapies through to IPL and punctal plugs. Our aim is to relieve symptoms, restore comfortable vision and improve your quality of life.

Dry needling

Find out what dry needling involves, which conditions it can help with, what happens before, during and after treatment, and the risks to know about.

Dupuytrens fasciectomy

Dupuytren’s contracture occurs when thickened, scar-like tissue in the palm gradually pulls one or more fingers towards the hand, making everyday tasks harder. Dupuytren’s fasciectomy is an operation to remove this tissue and help straighten the finger. At Nuffield Health, our consultant surgeons can assess your hand, discuss your options and support your recovery.

Ear drum repair (Myringoplasty)

Understand ear drum repair (myringoplasty): what it treats, how the operation works, recovery timescales and possible risks.

Ear pinning surgery (pinnaplasty)

Thinking about ear pinning surgery? Find out what pinnaplasty involves, how to prepare, what happens during and after, and the risks to consider.

Egg donation

Thinking about donating your eggs? Find out what's involved, who it can help, what happens before, during and after, and the risks to consider.

Elbow surgery

Understand the different types of elbow surgery, what conditions they treat, what happens before and during the operation, and recovery and risks.

Endocrine

Your endocrine system is made up of all the glands in your body that produce hormones. If your hormone levels become unbalanced your endocrine system signals one or more of these glands to correct the level.

Endometrial ablation

Learn what endometrial ablation involves, who it can help, what happens before, during and after treatment, and the risks of this procedure.

Endometrial resection

Find out what endometrial resection involves, who it can help, what happens before, during and after the surgery, and the risks worth knowing about.

Endometrial Scratch

Endometrial Scratch (ES) is sometimes offer to patients who have experienced multiple failed IVF / ICSI cycles, despite having good quality embryos transferred.

Endoscopic kidney stone treatment

Considering endoscopic treatment for kidney stones? Find out how ureteroscopy and PCNL work, what to expect before, during and after, and the risks.

Endoscopic Pilonidal Sinus Treatment (EPSiT)

Considering EPSiT for a pilonidal sinus? Find out what it involves, how to prepare, what happens during and after, and the risks to consider.

Endoscopic sinus surgery

The sinuses are air-filled spaces at the front of the skull that are connected to the inside of your nose. Sinusitis is an infection of the mucous membrane that lines the sinuses.

Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty

An endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) is a minimally invasive weight loss procedure that reduces the size of the stomach, without any external cuts.

Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (EVAR)

Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) is a minimally invasive operation to treat an aneurysm, a bulge in the wall of the aorta, the main blood vessel that carries blood from your heart to the rest of your body. Your surgeon reinforces the weak, bulging section from inside the blood vessel using a fabric-covered tube called a stent graft, without needing to open your chest or abdomen.

Endovascular treatment

Find out what endovascular treatment involves, the conditions it can help with, what happens before and during the procedure, and recovery and risks.

Endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) for varicose veins

If your varicose veins are causing aching, swelling or discomfort, endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) at Nuffield Health may help. It's a minimally invasive procedure that uses laser energy to close the faulty vein from the inside, through a tiny puncture rather than a surgical cut.

Entropion and ectropion repair

Entropion and ectropion correction surgery involves repairing an eyelid that either turns in or turns out.

Epididymal surgery

Your epididymis is a tube just above your testicles that stores sperm. Sometimes fluid builds up in this area, causing an epidigymal cyst. This is usually harmless but in some cases will need to be removed.

Epidural anaesthetic

An epidural anaesthetic involves injecting local anaesthetic into an area called the epidural space near your spinal cord.

Epidural injection for pain relief

An epidural is a type of pain-killing injection given by an anaesthetist.

Epigastric hernia surgery

If you’ve noticed a firm lump in the upper midline of your abdomen, you may have an epigastric hernia. Our expert surgeons at Nuffield Health help to relieve your discomfort through epigastric hernia repair surgery.

Excision vaginal lumps

Considering surgery for a vaginal or vulval lump? Find out what it involves, how to prepare, what happens during and after, and the risks. 

eXroid® electrotherapy treatment

eXroid® electrotherapy is a non-surgical treatment for internal haemorrhoids. It uses a low electrical current to reduce the blood supply to the haemorrhoid so it shrinks over time. There is no heat and no cutting.

Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT)

Extracorporeal shockwave therapy is a non-surgical treatment, and works by delivering impulses of energy, targeted to specific damaged tissues within the abnormal tendon.

Facelift (Rhytidectomy)

A facelift is an operation to tighten and lift skin and soft tissues. This will result in a tighter and smoother look and more youthful appearance.

Facet joint injections

A facet joint injection involves injecting local anaesthetics and sometimes steroids into or around a facet joint.

Facial Feminisation Surgery

Understand what facial feminisation surgery involves, the procedures it can include, what to expect beforehand, and the risks to be aware of.

Facial resurfacing

Discover what facial resurfacing involves, the conditions it can treat, what happens before and during treatment, and recovery and risks to expect.

Facial surgery

Understand what facial surgery covers, from cosmetic procedures to reconstructive treatment, who it can help, and what the different approaches involve.

Family Planning

Understand what family planning covers, the different contraceptive methods available, how to access services, and support if you’re trying to conceive.

Fat transfer

As your grow older some areas of your body may flatten or lose volume. Fat transfer surfery is a viable method to enhance these areas.

Female sterilisation

Understand what female sterilisation involves, who it suits, what happens before and during the procedure, and recovery, risks and effectiveness.

Female urology

Female urology specialists treat many disorders of the bladder and pelvic floor.

Femoral hernia repair

A femoral hernia can appear as a small lump low in the groin, often causing discomfort or a dragging sensation. Our expert surgeons at Nuffield Health aim to gently repair the weakened area and help prevent the hernia from becoming stuck or painful.

Flat foot correction

Flat foot correction covers the treatments used when flat feet cause pain, stiffness, or problems with walking. Most cases respond well to non-surgical approaches, but surgery may be needed when these have not provided enough relief.

Foam sclerotherapy for varicose veins

Foam sclerotherapy is a method of injecting solution to ultimately reduce and remove varicose veins. Please enquire with the hospital if you're interested in this treatment for cosmetic reasons, as some of our hospitals only offer this service to patients who have a venous leg ulcer.

Foot and ankle surgery

Understand what foot and ankle surgery involves, the conditions it treats, what happens before and during surgery, and recovery, risks and timescales.

Forefoot reconstructive surgery

Forefoot reconstructive surgery is treatment for your toes to alleviate problems caused by rheumatoid arthritis.

Frenotomy

Frenotomy is a quick procedure to treat tongue-tie, caused by a short frenulum tissue.

Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS)

Functional endoscopic sinus surgery widens the passage between the sinus and the nose so that mucus can not get trapped.

Gallbladder removal (Cholecystectomy)

Your gallbladder helps digest fats, but when gallstones block its ducts, they can cause severe pain and inflammation. Our expert surgeons at Nuffield Health can help stop these attacks by gallbladder removal surgery, allowing you to get back to eating and living comfortably.

Ganglion cyst removal

A ganglion cyst is a harmless, fluid-filled lump that forms near a joint or tendon, most often on the wrist or hand. Many settle on their own, but some cause pain, limit movement or press on a nerve. Ganglion cyst removal is a short operation to remove the cyst and its root, and most people go home the same day. At Nuffield Health, our consultants can assess your symptoms, discuss your options and support your recovery.

Gastric balloon (BiB)

A gastric balloon is a non-surgical, non-pharmaceutical tool used in the treatment of obesity. In conjunction with a supervised diet it can help you achieve the health and aesthetic benefits associated with weight loss.

Gastric band (lap banding)

Gastric banding involves placing an adjustable silicone band around the upper part of the stomach. It works by making you feel full sooner so that you eat less and ultimately lose weight as a result.

Gastric bypass

If you’ve struggled with your weight for years and have tried every crunch, cut, and Caesar salad under the sun – much to your avail – then you might want to consider gastric bypass surgery. Our expert surgeons at Nuffield Health aim to help you absorb fewer calories, feel full sooner and shift your appetite hormones in a way that supports long-term weight loss.

Gastric Electrical Stimulation for Gastroparesis

If you suffer from severe gastroparesis, and medication or dietary changes have not improved your quality of life, then you may be a suitable candidate for this procedure.

Gastric sleeve surgery (sleeve gastrectomy)

Gastric sleeve surgery (sleeve gastrectomy) is one of the most commonly performed weight loss procedures in the UK. By creating a smaller stomach and reducing appetite, our expert surgeons at Nuffield Health can help you lose weight and improve conditions such as sleep apnoea, joint pain and Type 2 diabetes.

Gender reassignment surgery

Gender reassignment surgery also referred to as gender confirmation surgery or gender affirmation surgery, refers to procedures that modify a person’s body to better align with their gender identity.

General anaesthetic

General Anaesthetic (GA) is a combination of drugs that causes a deep sleep.

Grommet insertion

Find out what grommet insertion involves, why it treats glue ear, what happens during surgery, and recovery, risks and how long grommets last.

Guanethidine block injections

Considering a guanethidine block for limb pain? Find out how it works, what to expect before, during and after, and the risks involved.

Gynaecomastia surgery (male breast reduction)

Gynaecomastia surgery is a cosmetic treatment to remove excess breast tissue in men.

Haemorrhoidectomy (piles removal surgery)

If your haemorrhoids are itchy, causing you pain, and accompanied with bright-red bleeding, then you might want to consider a haemorrhoidectomy. Our expert surgeons at Nuffield Health remove the swollen tissue and help restore comfort, especially when symptoms are persistent or severe.

Hamstring Repair

Considering hamstring repair surgery? Find out what it involves, how to prepare, what happens during and after, and the risks to consider.

Hand surgery

Understand what hand surgery treats, the different anaesthetic options available, what happens during surgery, and what recovery involves afterwards.

Head and neck surgery

Understand what head and neck surgery treats, the different surgical techniques used, what happens before and during surgery, and recovery afterwards.

Hemiarthroplasty

A hemiarthroplasty is a procedure to replace only the femur portion of your hip joint.

Hernia repair

A hernia is a weak spot in the abdominal wall that lets tissue push through and form a lump. Find out what the main types of hernia are, how repair surgery works and what recovery involves.

Hernia unilateral

Surgical treatments for hernias occurring on one side of the body are available at Nuffield Health hospitals.

Hiatus hernia surgery

Living with a hiatus hernia can mean heartburn, chest tightness, difficulty swallowing and meals that don’t sit quite right. Our expert surgeons at Nuffield Health aim to strengthen the diaphragm with hiatus hernia surgery, helping you to get back into moving and eating with ease.

Hickman Line

A Hickman line is a soft, flexible tube, known as a central venous catheter, surgically placed into a large vein in the chest to allow long-term administration of treatments such as chemotherapy, antibiotics, or IV nutrition.

High tibial osteotomy

A high tibial osteotomy is a surgical procedure designed to treat one-sided knee arthritis by shifting your body weight to a healthier part of the joint. By realigning the upper portion of your shinbone (tibia), this procedure protects remaining cartilage, significantly reduces chronic joint pain, and helps restore active mobility without replacing the joint.

High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU)

High-intensity focused ultrasound is a treatment that uses high-frequency sound waves to destroy cancerous cells in the prostate. This treatment avoids invasive surgery and radiation, which reduces the risk and number of side effects.

Hindfoot fusion

Hindfoot fusion is a surgical procedure used to relieve pain and stiffness in your foot caused by arthritis, deformity or breaks.

Hip arthroscopy

A hip arthroscopy is a type of keyhole surgery where a small camera is inserted through a cut in your skin to look inside your hip joint to diagnose a problem, and sometimes to perform a treatment.

Hip replacement

Hip replacement, also known as total hip replacement (THR) or hip arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure to remove a damaged hip joint and replace it with an artificial joint (prosthesis) made of plastic, metal or ceramic.

Hip resurfacing

This operation provides a new surface for the ball and socket that make up your hip joint.

Hip revision

Hip Revision is a procedure to take out your old hip replacement and put in a new one.

Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP)

HoLEP is a minimally invasive procedure that removes tissue from your prostate that is causing obstruction.

Hormonal coil

Understand what the hormonal coil is, how it works, what happens during fitting, and the benefits, risks and side effects worth knowing about.

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT)

Understand what HRT is, how it treats menopause symptoms, the different types available, and the benefits and risks to weigh up with your GP.

Hormone therapy

Understand what hormone therapy for cancer involves, how it differs from HRT, the different types, and the benefits and side effects to expect.

Hydrocele surgery

Hydrocele surgery, also known as a hydrocelectomy, removes or repairs a hydrocele, a fluid-filled sac that forms around one or both testicles inside the scrotum (the pouch of skin below the penis). The procedure usually takes less than an hour and is typically performed as a day case.

Hydrodilation

Understand what hydrodilatation involves, why it treats frozen shoulder, what happens during the procedure, and recovery, risks and effectiveness.

Hysterectomy

A hysterectomy involves the surgical removal of a woman's uterus.

Ileal pouch anal anastomosis

If you have severe a bowel disease such as colon cancer or ulcerative colitis, you may need to have your large intestine (colon and rectum) removed. An Ileal pouch (or J pouch) procedure will help restore more normal control and passing of stool.

Ileostomy

An ileostomy is a surgical procedure to connect your small intestine to an opening in your abdomen called a stoma.

Ilizarov frame surgery

An ilizarov frame is an external frame surgeons use to lengthen or reshape bones or to treat complex mal-union or non-union fractures.

Image guided injections

Persistent joint or tendon pain can be frustrating, especially when other treatments haven't helped. Image guided injections use imaging technology, such as ultrasound, X-ray or CT, to guide medication directly to the source of the problem, offering a fast, minimally invasive option to relieve pain and improve mobility.

Image guided radiotherapy (IGRT)

Having image guided radiotherapy (IGRT)? Find out how it works, what to expect before, during and after treatment, and the risks involved.

Implantable cardioverter defibrillator and cardiac resynchronisation therapy

Thinking about an ICD or CRT device for your heart? Find out what's involved, from the tests beforehand to what recovery and long-term follow-up look like.

Impulse control

IMRT (Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy)

IMRT shapes and varies a radiotherapy beam to target your tumour while sparing more healthy tissue nearby. Here's what having the treatment actually involves.

Incisional hernia repair

A lump along an old surgical scar can feel worrying, especially if it’s getting bigger or uncomfortable. Our expert surgeons at Nuffield Health help strengthen the area and get you back to your daily routine with confidence through incisional hernia repair surgery.

Ingrown toenail (and ingrown toenail surgery)

Understand what causes an ingrown toenail, how to manage it at home, when to see a specialist, and what surgery and recovery actually involve.

Inguinal hernia repair

If you’ve noticed a lump or discomfort in your groin, you may be dealing with an inguinal hernia. Our expert surgeons at Nuffield Health can help fix the underlying weakness in the area with inguinal hernia repair surgery.

Interventional cardiology

Understand what interventional cardiology treats, the catheter-based procedures involved, what happens before and during treatment, and recovery.

Interventional radiology

Understand what interventional radiology treats, the image-guided procedures involved, what happens before and during treatment, and recovery. 

Intravenous pyelogram (IVP)

An intravenous pyelogram (IVP) is an X-ray test that uses a dye to check your kidneys, ureters and bladder. Here's how to prepare and what happens on the day.

Inverted nipple surgery

Understand what causes inverted nipples, the surgical options available, what happens before and during treatment, and recovery afterwards in full.

Jaw surgery (orthognathic surgery)

Considering jaw surgery? Find out what orthognathic surgery involves, from preparation and the procedure itself to recovery times and possible risks.

Joint resurfacing

Joint resurfacing repairs a worn hip or knee rather than replacing it fully. Find out what's involved, from getting ready for surgery to recovering afterwards.

Kellers arthroplasty

Keller's arthroplasty removes a small piece of bone at the base of the big toe to ease arthritis pain or correct a bunion. Here's what the surgery involves.

Knee arthroscopy (keyhole knee surgery)

A knee arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgery where a small camera is inserted through a cut in your skin to look inside your knee joint to diagnose and treat ligament issues, cartilage tears and other joint issues.

Knee replacement (Total knee replacement)

Knee replacement, or total knee replacement, is a surgical procedure to remove the damaged knee joint and replace it with an artificial joint.

Kyphoplasty

A vertebral compression fracture doesn’t just hurt, it can limit how you stand, walk and carry out everyday tasks. Kyphoplasty is one of the treatments used to stabilise these fractures, but it isn’t suitable for everyone. Only a spinal specialist can confirm whether this procedure is appropriate for your type of fracture.

Labiaplasty (labia reduction surgery)

A labiaplasty or labia reduction is a surgical procedure to reshape or reduce the size or shape of the labia for improved comfort and confidence.

Lacrimal surgery

If conservative methods to treat lacrimal disorder are not successful, a consultant may recommend surgery.

Laminectomy

During a laminectomy the surgeon removes enough bone and tissue from the back of the spine to free trapped nerves.

Laparoscopic adrenalectomy

If conservative methods to treat adrenal gland problems do not work for you, your consultant may recommend surgery.

Laparoscopic groin hernia repair

Also known as keyhole surgery, this hernia treatment is carried out through a small incision in the abdomen.

Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy

Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy is a form of keyhole surgery for prostate cancer.

Laparoscopic reflux surgery (fundoplication)

If conservative treatment for acid reflux isn't working, a surgeon may recommend laparoscopic (keyhole) reflux surgery.

Laparoscopic urology

Laparoscopic urology uses small cuts and a camera to treat conditions of the kidneys, bladder or prostate. Here's how it works and what it can be used for.

Laparoscopy

A laparoscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that allows your consultant to diagnose and treat conditions affecting your abdomen and pelvis.

Laser eye surgery

If glasses or contact lenses no longer suit your day-to-day life, laser eye surgery can offer a more permanent way to correct short-sight, long-sight and astigmatism. At Nuffield Health, your care is consultant-led from first consultation onwards, with no time limits on your aftercare.

Laser therapy

Lasers are devices producing a powerful beam of light, which can have different applications and effects depending upon the type of laser used. Laser treatments are now widespread in modern medicine and are used not only for skin treatments but also for eye surgery, general surgery and various other medical applications.

Lateral intercostal artery perforator (LICAP) Flap breast reconstruction

Lateral intercostal artery perforator (LICAP) flap breast reconstruction replaces lost breast tissue.

Left atrial appendage occlusion

Left atrial appendage occlusion closes a pouch in the heart linked to AF strokes, for people who can't take blood thinners long-term. Here's how it works.

Lens replacement surgery (refractive lens exchange)

If you're tired of relying on glasses or contact lenses to see clearly, lens replacement surgery could offer a lasting solution - a procedure to correct common vision problems by replacing your eye's natural lens with an artificial one. At Nuffield Health, our eye surgeons are experienced at performing lens replacement surgery, offering personalised care, modern techniques and clear guidance at every step.

LINX® Reflux Surgery

LINX® Reflux Surgery treats chronic acid reflux (GORD) by strengthening the weak valve at the bottom of your food pipe, which stops acid from coming back up.

Liposuction

If stubborn pockets of fat aren’t shifting with diet or exercise, liposuction can help refine your shape. Our surgeons at Nuffield Health use proven techniques to remove unwanted fat and sculpt more natural looking contours tailored to your body.

Liposuction for lymphoedema

Liposuction for lymphoedema is a treatment for established lymphoedema where reconstructive microsurgical operations such as Lymphatico-Venular Anastomosis (LVA) or vascularised Lymph Node Transfer (VLNT) are not suitable.

Liver resection

Liver resection is surgery to remove a diseased section of the liver. It is sometimes called a partial Hepatectomy, which simply means removing part of the liver rather than all of it.

LLETZ

Understand what LLETZ treatment is, why it’s used, what happens before and during your appointment, and recovery, risks and results afterwards.

Lue procedure

The Lue procedure is a type of penile straightening surgery. It’s used to correct a curvature of the penis during erection caused by Peyronie’s Disease. Suitable candidates for this procedure are those whose penis is too curved to permit sexual intercourse and is also dependent on the direction of curvature.

Lumbar disc replacement

Lumbar disc replacement is the replacement of a damaged or diseased disc in the spine, with an artificial disc to maintain movement in the treated spine area.

Lumbar discectomy

During lumbar discectomy a surgeon will remove the herniated portion of a disc relieving the pressure on nearby nerves. The procedure is often performed with minimal invasion and often referred to as microdiscectomy.

Lumbar facet joint injection

If lower back pain has been holding you back, a lumbar facet joint injection by our expert specialists at Nuffield Health may help by settling inflammation in the facet joints and giving you the freedom to move more comfortably again.

Lumbar nerve root block injection

A lumbar nerve root block is an injection of local anaesthetic and corticosteroid (an anti-inflammatory medicine) around a specific nerve in your lower back. It can ease pain caused by conditions such as sciatica, a slipped disc or spinal stenosis. At Nuffield Health, our consultants use X-ray or CT imaging to guide the injection precisely to the affected nerve. It’s done under local anaesthetic, and you can usually go home the same day, with clear guidance at every step.

Lumpectomy (breast-conserving surgery)

A lumpectomy offers a safe and effective way to treat breast cancer while keeping your breast intact, removing only the affected area and helping you move forward with confidence.

Lutetium-177 PSMA therapy

Lutetium-177 PSMA therapy targets advanced prostate cancer cells directly, sparing healthy tissue nearby. Here's how the treatment works and what happens.

Lymph node transfer

Vascularised Lymph Node Transfer (VLNT) is a operation for the treatment of lymphoedema. It is most commonly used in the setting of secondary lymphoedema, where swelling of the arm or leg has occurred after treatment for cancer (commonly involving either surgery and/or radiotherapy).

Male to Female Breast Augmentation

This type of breast augmentation is specifically for transgender patients transitioning from male to female.

Manipulation under anaesthesia (MUA)

Under general anaesthetic your surgeon will move your stiff joint to a full range of motion, stretching the surrounding muscles and freeing the joint capsule.

Mastectomy (breast removal)

If you are diagnosed with breast cancer your surgeon may recommend removal of your breast. This operation is called a mastectomy.

Mastoid surgery

Your mastoid bone is located just behind your ear, a damaged mastoid may be repaired surgically.

Matrix-induced chondrocyte implantation (MACI)

Matrix-induced chondrocyte implantation (MACI) repairs damaged knee cartilage using your own cells and eases pain. Find out what to expect, with expert support every step of the way.

Maxillofacial and oral surgery

Maxillofacial and oral surgery treats conditions of the mouth, jaws and face, from wisdom teeth to facial injuries. Here's what it covers and involves.

Medicine for the elderly

Medicine for older people, also known as geriatric medicine, is a specialist area of healthcare dedicated to providing holistic, patient-centred care to help you maintain your independence and enjoy the best possible quality of life as you age.

Meniscectomy (meniscus tear surgery)

A meniscectomy is a type of knee surgery used to treat a torn meniscus - a piece of elastic cartilage that cushions and stabilises the knee joint.

Microsuction earwax removal

If a build-up of ear wax, debris or a foreign body is blocking your ear causing hearing loss or discomfort your consultant may recommend microsuction.

Microsurgical vasectomy reversal

A vasectomy is meant to be a permanent form of male contraception. If your circumstances change, this procedure can undo your vasectomy.

Middle ear surgery

Middle ear surgery covers a group of operations that repair your eardrum, the tiny bones behind it, or both, to treat infection and restore hearing. The most common types are myringoplasty (repairing the eardrum), ossiculoplasty (repairing the tiny hearing bones), tympanoplasty (repairing both together), and mastoid surgery for a build-up of skin cells called a cholesteatoma.

Midfoot fusion

In some cases fusion of the bones in your midfoot may ease your pain and aid your mobility.

Midfoot osteotomy

An osteotomy is a procedure usually performed to correct damage caused by osteoarthritis or a deformity.

Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS)

Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) is the name given to a group of keyhole glaucoma surgeries that can be used as an alternative to eye drops or more invasive conventional glaucoma surgery (trabeculectomy and tube surgery).

Mitral valve balloon dilation

Understand mitral valve balloon dilation for mitral stenosis: what it involves, how the procedure works, recovery time and possible risks.

Mohs micrographic surgery

Mohs micrographic surgery is an advanced surgical technique for removing skin cancers.

Mole removal

Understand why moles are removed, the different removal methods available, what happens before and during treatment, and recovery afterwards.

Myomectomy

Understand what a myomectomy involves, why fibroids are removed, what happens before and during surgery, and recovery and risks afterwards in full.

NanoKnife (IRE) for prostate cancer treatment

NanoKnife, or irreversible electroporation (IRE), is a minimally invasive prostate cancer treatment that uses electrical pulses to destroy cancer cells.

Nasal polypectomy

Understand what a nasal polypectomy involves, why nasal polyps are removed, what happens before and during surgery, and recovery and risks afterwards.

Nasolacrimal Stenting

This minimally invasive procedure aims to improve tear flow and reduce persistent watery eyes (epiphora) by placing a tiny stent or tube inside the tear duct, helping tears drain freely into your nose.

Neck lift surgery

Neck lift surgery can help improve the appearance of sagging skin, visible neck bands and loss of jawline definition. Here, you’ll find everything you need to know about the procedure, including benefits, recovery, risks and costs, from the experts at Nuffield Health.

Neonatal medicine

Neonatal medicine is the highly specialised area of paediatrics focused on providing the best possible medical care for newborn infants who are unwell or born too soon, helping them to grow and thrive.

Nerve blocks

Understand what a nerve block is, the conditions it can help with, what happens before and during the injection, and recovery and risks afterwards. 

Nerve surgery

Understand what nerve surgery involves, why nerves are repaired, the techniques used, what happens during the operation, and recovery afterwards.

Neuropsychological assessment and rehabilitation

Understand neuropsychological assessment and rehabilitation: what it involves, what it can help with, and what to expect.

NovaSure® treatment for heavy periods

Understand NovaSure treatment for heavy periods: how it works, what to expect, recovery timescales and possible risks.

nSTRIDE® Autologous Protein Solution (APS)

nSTRIDE® autologous protein solution (APS) is a non-surgical treatment for knee osteoarthritis that uses your own blood to help relieve joint pain and inflammation.

Nutrition

Oophorectomy (ovary removal surgery)

Understand oophorectomy (ovary removal surgery): why it's done, how it's carried out, recovery timescales and possible risks.

Orbital Decompression surgery

Orbital Decompression surgery is a specialist eye procedure used to treat pressure within the eye socket (orbit) that may cause bulging eyes (proptosis), pain, irritation or vision problems.

Orchidectomy

An orchidectomy is a surgical procedure to remove one or both testicles (bilateral orchidectomy).

Orthodontics

Understand what orthodontic treatment involves, the types of braces available, what happens before and during treatment, and caring for your brace.

Orthotics

Understand what orthotics involves, the conditions it can help with, the different types available, and what to expect at your fitting and afterwards.

Osseointegration

Osseointegration, also known as direct skeletal fixation (DSF), is a surgical procedure in which a metal implant is inserted directly into the bone. Over time, the bone naturally grows around the implant, securing it firmly in place and making it a permanent part of the body.

Osteotomy

An osteotomy is a procedure usually performed to correct damage caused by osteoarthritis or a deformity.

Otoplasty (ear correction / ear repositioning)

Otoplasty, also called pinnaplasty or ear correction surgery, is surgery to change the shape, size, or position of your ears. It is most often done to pin back ears that stick out noticeably from the sides of the head.

Ovarian cystectomy

An ovarian cystectomy can be carried out through two different types of surgery.

Pacemakers

A pacemaker is a special device that treats an irregular or slow heart rhythm.

Paediatric medicine

Understand what paediatric medicine covers, the conditions it treats, what happens when a child is referred, and who’s involved in their care.

Paediatric ophthalmology

Our paediatric ophthalmologists are specialists in children's eye health, from routine checks to the diagnosis and treatment of conditions such as squint (strabismus), lazy eye (amblyopia) and ptosis. Our consultants work with you and your child in a calm, friendly setting, explaining each step clearly so everyone feels at ease.

Pain clinic

Understand what a pain clinic offers, the conditions it treats, what happens at your appointment, and the treatments and support that are available to you.

Palatoplasty

Understand palatoplasty (cleft palate repair): why it's needed, how it's carried out, recovery timescales and possible risks.

Palliative care

Understand what palliative care involves, who it can help, where it’s provided, and how to access this support for a serious or long-term illness.

Parathyroidectomy

A parathyroidectomy is a surgical procedure to remove one or more diseased parathyroid gland(s).

Parotid gland removal (parotidectomy)

Understand parotidectomy (parotid gland removal): why it's done, how it's carried out, recovery timescales and possible risks.

Partial knee replacement surgery

Partial knee replacement, also known as unicompartmental knee replacement (UKR), replaces only the damaged compartment of your knee while leaving the healthy parts intact, which often means a quicker recovery than a total knee replacement. At Nuffield Health, our consultant orthopaedic surgeons offer both traditional and robotic-assisted surgery, with personalised care and clear guidance at every step.

Patella stabilisation

Patella stabilisation is a surgery to fix a kneecap (patella) that keeps slipping out of place. By realigning the patella and securing it in its proper position, this surgery helps prevent future dislocations and improves overall knee function.

Pelvic floor repair

If your pelvic floor disease symptoms do not respond to conservative treatment your consultant may recommend surgery for pelvic floor repair.

Penile prosthetic surgery

Understand penile prosthetic surgery (implants) for erectile dysfunction: how it works, what happens, recovery and possible risks.

Penile straightening (Nesbit’s procedure)

Nesbit’s procedure is a type of penile straightening surgery. It is used to correct a curvature of the penis caused by Peyronie’s Disease. Suitable candidates for this procedure are those whose penis is too curved to permit sexual intercourse.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL)

Understand percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for kidney stones: how it works, recovery timescales and possible risks.

Peripheral arterial stenting

Peripheral arterial stenting uses a stent to widen an artery.

Peripheral nerve surgery

Understand what peripheral nerve surgery covers, the conditions it treats, the team involved, and what to expect from assessment through to recovery.

PFO closure

A patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a hole between the upper chambers of the heart (atria). This hole is a necessary part of the flow of blood for unborn babies when they are in the womb. The PFO typically closes shortly after birth due to changes in pressure in the heart chambers, but in approximately 25% of people this remains open or can open in certain circumstances allowing a small amount of blood to flow through it.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a technique for treating skin cancers and sun-damaged skin which could turn cancerous if left untreated.

Phototherapy

Some skin conditions such as psoriasis, eczema, general itchy skin, other dermatitis can be treated using ultraviolet light under medical supervision. This is called phototherapy or light therapy.

PICC Line

Understand what a PICC line is, why it’s used, what happens when it’s fitted, and how to care for it, plus recovery and risks to know about.

Pilonidal sinus surgery

Understand what pilonidal sinus surgery involves, the different techniques used, what to expect before and after your operation, and possible risks.

Pituitary surgery

Understand what pituitary surgery involves, why it’s needed, what happens before and during the operation, and recovery and risks afterwards.

Platelet-rich plasma treatment (PRP)

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy is a treatment that using the healing properties found in your own blood to help repair and promote healing in damaged tendons, joints, muscles, and ligaments.

PMS clinic

Understand what a specialist PMS clinic offers for PMS and PMDD: diagnosis, treatment options and what to expect.

Polypectomy

A polypectomy is a minimally invasive procedure to remove a polyp, an abnormal growth on the inside of one of your organs. In most cases, no large cuts are needed, as the procedure is carried out through your body's natural openings.

Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction

PCL reconstruction replaces a torn posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) with a graft to regain knee strength and mobility. Learn more from the experts at Nuffield Health.

Pregnancy advisory service

Understand what a pregnancy advisory service offers, the treatment options available, what to expect at your appointment, and recovery afterwards.

Prostate laser treatment

Find out how laser treatment for an enlarged prostate works, including HoLEP and GreenLight, what to expect before and after, and the risks involved.

Prostate resection (TURP)

A prostate resection involves removing prostate tissue to relieve the pressure on your urethra.

Prostate surgery

Prostate surgery involves reducing the size of the prostate gland.

Prostatic Urethral Lift

Understand what a prostatic urethral lift (UroLift) involves, who it suits, what happens during treatment, and recovery and risks afterwards.

Psychological Support and Therapy in Oncology and Palliative Care

Thinking about psychological support during cancer or palliative care? Find out what it involves, the types of therapy on offer, and how to get referred.

Ptosis (drooping eyelids) correction

Ptosis (drooping eyelids) is when the muscle that lifts the eyelid can be weak or lose strength over time.

Radical prostatectomy

Understand what a radical prostatectomy involves, the surgical techniques used, what to expect before and after treatment, and the outlook and risks involved.

Radioactive Iodine therapy

Considering radioactive iodine therapy for an overactive thyroid or thyroid cancer? Read what it involves, from preparing beforehand to recovering at home.

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for varicose veins

If your varicose veins are causing aching, heaviness or swelling, radiofrequency ablation (RFA) at Nuffield Health may help. It's a minimally invasive procedure that uses heat to close the faulty vein from the inside, through a tiny puncture rather than a surgical cut.

Radiotherapy

Radiotherapy uses high-energy particles or waves, such as X-rays, gamma rays or protons, to destroy or damage cancer cells.

Rectal prolapse repair

Rectal prolapse occurs when part or your entire rectum (last part of your colon where stool is stored) falls out of your anus (back passage).

Rectopexy

Rectal prolapse occurs when part or your entire rectum (last part of your colon where stool is stored) falls out of your anus (back passage).

Reflux surgery (fundoplication)

Reflux surgery, also called fundoplication or anti-reflux surgery, strengthens the valve between your food pipe (oesophagus) and stomach to stop stomach acid flowing back upward. The surgeon wraps the top part of the stomach around the lower oesophagus, tightening the area to work as a valve again.

Rehabilitation psychopharmacology

Wondering how medication can support rehabilitation? Find out what rehabilitation psychopharmacology involves, what to expect, and how care is reviewed.

Removal of eyelid cysts, lumps, bumps and tumours

Lumps and bumps on the eyelid are common, and most are harmless. Some clear up without treatment, but others need removing if they are sore, affecting your vision, or you simply want them gone. At Nuffield Health, our ophthalmology consultants can diagnose what you have and, where treatment is needed, remove it as a day case, so you can go home the same day.

Removal of internal fixation

Removal of internal fixation is a procedure to take out the 'metalwork'—such as plates, screws, or rods—that was used to hold your broken bone in place while it healed, and is considered once the fracture has fully mended.

Removal of spinal hardware

During spinal fusion your consultant used surgical plates, rods or screws to weld your spine together eliminating motion that caused you back pain.

Removing wisdom teeth

Been told you need your wisdom teeth removed? Find out why it may be needed, what happens on the day, and what your recovery will involve here.

Restorative Proctocolectomy

Considering restorative proctocolectomy or J-pouch surgery? Understand what the operation involves, recovery timescales, and possible risks.

Reversal of female sterilisation

Thinking about reversing your sterilisation to try for a baby? Find out what is involved, how successful it can be, and what recovery involves.

Revision knee replacement surgery

Revision knee replacement is a surgical procedure to replace a previous knee replacement that has worn, loosened or stopped working as it should. At Nuffield Health, our consultant orthopaedic surgeons offer revision knee replacement, with personalised care and clear guidance at every step.

Rezum for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)

Considering Rezum for an enlarged prostate? Understand how this steam treatment for BPH works, what to expect, and its benefits and risks in detail.

Rhinoplasty (nose job)

Your nose sits at the centre of your face – so when its shape or function doesn’t feel quite right, it can affect how you see yourself every day. Rhinoplasty can refine, reshape or restore the nose in a way that feels more balanced and true to you. At Nuffield Health, our experienced surgeons offer clear guidance and personalised care to help you make a confident, informed decision.

Robotic-assisted hip replacement

Robotic-assisted total hip replacement is a surgical technique where a surgeon uses a robotic device to help implant an artificial joint, also known as prosthesis.

Robotic-assisted partial knee replacement

Robotic-assisted partial knee replacement is a surgical technique in which a surgeon uses a robotic device to plan and position an implant with a high degree of accuracy, replacing only the damaged compartment of your knee and leaving the healthy parts intact. At Nuffield Health, our consultant orthopaedic surgeons offer both robotic-assisted and conventional partial knee replacement, with personalised care and clear guidance at every step.

Robotic-assisted total knee replacement surgery

Robotic-assisted total knee replacement is a surgical technique in which a surgeon uses a robotic device to plan and position an implant with a high degree of accuracy, replacing the worn surfaces of your knee joint with an artificial joint. At Nuffield Health, our consultant orthopaedic surgeons offer both robotic-assisted and conventional total knee replacement, with personalised care and clear guidance at every step.

Rubber band ligation for haemorrhoids

Living with haemorrhoids can be uncomfortable and frustrating. Our experts at Nuffield Health offer rubber band ligation - a simple, non‑surgical way to shrink the swollen tissue and ease symptoms quickly.

Sacroiliac joint injections

Sacroiliac joint injections involve injecting anti-inflammatories or anaesthetic into problem areas.

Scar revision

Considering treatment to improve the look or feel of a scar? Find out what scar revision involves, from preparation through to full recovery.

Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT)

This operation is one of the treatments for glaucoma.

Septorhinoplasty

If you struggle with nasal blockage or feel unhappy with the shape of your nose, septorhinoplasty can help. Our specialist surgeons at Nuffield Health combine cosmetic and functional techniques to improve both nasal airflow and appearance.

Shoulder decompression - keyhole surgery

Considering shoulder decompression, keyhole surgery for impingement pain? Understand what is involved, recovery timescales, and possible risks.

Shoulder manipulation

Been told you need a shoulder manipulation for a stiff or frozen shoulder? Find out what it involves, and what recovery is really like, here.

Shoulder stabilisation surgery

Living with an unstable shoulder can be painful and limiting. Our experts at Nuffield Health offer shoulder stabilisation surgery, a procedure that repairs the damaged cartilage and ligaments to stop your shoulder from dislocating again.

Shoulder surgery (rotator cuff repair)

The rotator cuff is formed of four tendons and the adjacent muscles that attach your arm to the top of your shoulder blade, which gives the shoulder stability and control. Tears to the rotator cuff tendon can occur for many reasons including acute injury, overuse or normal age-related changes.

Skin assessment clinic

Booked into a skin assessment clinic? Understand what the appointment involves, what conditions it covers, and what typically happens afterwards.

Skin cancer surgery

Find out what types of skin cancer surgery involve, how successful they are, and what recovery involves.

Skin Grafts for Leg Ulcers

Considering a skin graft for a chronic leg ulcer? Understand how grafting works, what recovery involves, and the evidence on healing rates today.

Skin lesion removal

If a skin lesion is bothering you, catching on clothing or changing in appearance, skin lesion removal can offer relief and reassurance. At Nuffield Health our surgeons remove skin lesions quickly and safely, giving you clarity, peace of mind and smoother, more comfortable skin.

Skin surgery

Find out what skin surgery can treat, the different types, what happens before and during, and how recovery and scarring work.

Skull base surgery

Find out what skull base surgery treats, how intradural and extradural approaches differ, and what to expect before treatment and once you're home.

Sleep Study and Investigations

Referred for a sleep study? Understand the different types of sleep investigation, what happens during testing, and how the results are used.

Soft tissue lump service

Referred to a soft tissue lump service? Understand how lumps are assessed, when a biopsy is needed, and what happens after diagnosis is made.

SpaceOAR® Hydrogel

Hydrogel Perirectal Spacer – for Prostate Cancer Radiotherapy

Speech therapy

Find out what speech and language therapy treats, the different approaches used, and what to expect before, during and after sessions.

Sphincterotomy

Find out what a sphincterotomy involves, from anal fissure treatment and the operation itself, to recovery, risks and returning to normal activities.

Spinal (lumbar) Decompression

Spinal decompression is a type of back surgery used to release trapped nerves in the lower (lumbar) spine.

Spinal anaesthetic

Spinal anaesthetic, also known as a spinal block, is administered by injecting drugs into an area called the subarachnoid space near the spinal cord. Spinal anaesthesia can be used while you are awake or in combination with sedation or general anaesthetic.

Spinal fusion surgery

Spinal fusion is an operation to weld or fuse together the small bones in your back eliminating motion that is causing back pain.

Splenectomy

A splenectomy is an operation to remove your spleen.

Squint surgery (strabismus surgery)

Squint surgery is a commonly performed procedure to correct eye misalignment, where the eyes do not move or focus in the same direction. At Nuffield Health, our highly skilled ophthalmic surgeons combine clinical expertise with a personalised approach, providing clear support throughout your treatment and recovery.

Stapedectomy

A stapedectomy is an operation to help improve hearing by removing the stapes bone in the middle ear and replacing it with a tiny implant made of metal or plastic.

Stapled haemorrhoidopexy

During this procedure, haemorrhoids are stapled to the inside of the rectum to reduce their blood supply and allow them to shrink.

Stapled transanal rectal resection (STARR)

Stapled Transanal Rectal Resection (STARR) is a minimally invasive operation to treat chronic constipation caused by a rectocele (a bulge in the bowel wall) or an internal rectal prolapse, which corrects the issue by removing the excess tissue from within the rectum.

Stereotactic Radiotherapy (SRT)

Find out what stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) treats, how it works, what happens on the day, and what recovery involves, explained clearly and simply.

Steroid injections (cortisone shots)

Steroid injections are an anti-inflammatory treatment used to reduce pain, swelling, and stiffness in joints and soft tissues. By delivering treatment directly to the affected area, steroid injections can help improve mobility and make daily activities more comfortable.

Stiff elbow release

Elbow release, also called arthrolysis or capsular release, is an operation that frees up a stiff elbow joint so you can bend and straighten your arm more fully. Your surgeon removes or loosens whatever is blocking movement, such as thickened joint lining, bone growths, or scar tissue, so the joint can move more freely again.

Stoma surgery

This procedure connects part of your intestine to an opening in your abdomen. A 'stoma' is the end of the intestine sewn into the opening, while an 'ostomy' is the actual opening.

Stretta therapy

Stretta therapy is a minimally invasive procedure for patients who suffer from chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Submandibular gland removal

Find out why a submandibular gland might be removed, how the operation is done, and what to expect for recovery, risks and scarring.

Subtalar fusion

Your surgeon may investigate your subtalar joint using arthroscopy. If you are still experiencing pain and instability your consultant may recommend subtalar fusion.

Superficial Radiotherapy

Considering superficial radiotherapy for a skin cancer? Find out what it treats, how it works, what happens on the day, and what recovery involves.

Supermicrosurgery for prevention or treatment of lymphoedema

Considering supermicrosurgery for lymphoedema? Find out what LVA and lymph node transfer involve, what happens on the day, and what recovery involves.

Swallowable Gastric Pill Balloon

A swallowable gastric balloon is a non-surgical, non-pharmaceutical tool used in the treatment of obesity. In conjunction with a supervised diet it can help you achieve the health and aesthetic benefits associated with weight loss.

Tendon transfer in foot and ankle

Considering a tendon transfer for foot drop or flat feet? Find out what conditions it treats, how the surgery works, and what recovery involves.

Tennis elbow release

Find out how tennis elbow release surgery works, open versus keyhole techniques, what to expect before and after, and how recovery unfolds.

The Rafaelo® Procedure

Considering the Rafaelo procedure for haemorrhoids? Find out what it treats, how it works, and what to expect during recovery.

Thigh lift

If loose or sagging skin on your thighs is affecting your comfort or confidence, thigh lift surgery can help reshape and smooth the area for a firmer, streamlined look. At Nuffield Health, our cosmetic surgeons are experienced at performing thigh lifts, offering personalised care, modern techniques and clear guidance at every step.

Thoracic facet joint injection

When your mid back feels tight, sore or endlessly achy, it’s easy to forget how good comfortable movement can feel. A thoracic facet joint injection helps calm inflammation in the facet joints, easing pain and helping you return to the rhythm of daily life.

Thoracoscopic sympathectomy

Thoracoscopic sympathectomy is a surgical procedure to correct hyperhidrosis (excessive sweating).

Thread vein treatment (Sclerotherapy)

Considering sclerotherapy for unwanted thread veins on your legs or face? Find out what it treats, how it works, and what recovery involves.

Thrombotic disorders

Thrombotic disorders occur when your blood clots in your veins, restricting or cutting off the flow of blood.

Thyroidectomy (Thyroid surgery)

Considering a thyroidectomy? Find out what conditions it treats, the different types of surgery, and what recovery involves.

Toe joint fusion

Thinking about toe joint fusion for big toe arthritis? Find out what the operation involves, how long recovery takes, and the risks to consider.

Toe joint replacement

Find out how toe joint replacement treats big toe arthritis, the different implant options, and what to expect for surgery, recovery and risks.

Toe surgery

The three main toe problems that can be resolved with foot surgery are Deformity (mis-shapen), Pain in the toe joints and Metatarsalgia (pain in the front part or ball of your foot).

Tonsil removal (tonsillectomy) using COBLATION™ Plasma Technology

Considering tonsillectomy using Coblation plasma technology? Learn what the operation involves, recovery timescales, and the possible risks to weigh up.

Tonsillectomy

Find out why a tonsillectomy might be needed, how the operation is done, and what to expect for recovery, diet and risks afterwards.

Tooth Removal (Extraction)

Considering having a tooth removed? Find out why extraction may be needed, what happens during the procedure, and how to recover well afterwards.

Top surgery (chest wall surgery)

Top surgery isn’t just about changing the chest – it’s about easing a weight that’s often carried quietly for years. Our team of experts at Nuffield Health offers thoughtful, gender affirming care to support you through every stage of that journey.

Total shoulder replacement surgery

Our experts at Nuffield Health offer total shoulder replacement surgery, a procedure that replaces the worn ball and socket of the joint with artificial components to relieve pain and restore movement.

Trabeculectomy (glaucoma surgery)

Glaucoma can quietly damage your sight before you notice any change. Our specialists at Nuffield Health offer trabeculectomy, an operation that creates a tiny drainage channel in the eye to lower the pressure and protect the optic nerve from further damage.

Transanal Haemorrhoid Dearterialisation (THD)

Considering THD treatment for haemorrhoids? Find out what the procedure involves, how it differs from traditional surgery, and what recovery is like.

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI)

A transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) replaces a faulty heart valve using a tube inserted through an artery, avoiding major surgery.

Transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT)

TURBT uses a resectoscope to access and operate on the bladder via the urethra.

Trapeziectomy

Find out how a trapeziectomy treats thumb base arthritis, the different surgical options, and what to expect for recovery and risks.

Trigger finger release surgery

Trigger finger release involves cutting the thickened tunnel around the tendon in your finger, allowing the tendon to glide freely through the tunnel. You should be able to move your finger immediately after surgery with full movement returning within two weeks.

Trigger Point Injections

Find out how trigger point injections treat muscle pain and knots, what happens during treatment, and what to expect for recovery and risks.

Triple Fusion

The movement and flexibility of your foot involves three joints - the subtalar, the calcaneocuboid and the talo-navicular joints. Patients with painful arthritis or a deformity in these joints may benefit from triple fusion.

Tummy tuck (Abdominoplasty)

A tummy tuck (also known as an abdominoplasty) is a popular cosmetic surgery that creates a flatter, firmer abdomen by removing excess skin and fat while tightening weakened muscles, especially after pregnancy or major weight loss.

Turbinectomy

Find out how a turbinectomy treats a permanently blocked nose, what happens during surgery, and what to expect for recovery and risks.

Umbilical hernia surgery

A bulge or swelling near your belly button can be uncomfortable and worrying – especially if it gets in the way of lifting, exercising or simply moving comfortably. You may want to consider umbilical hernia surgery. Our expert surgeons at Nuffield Health can help fix the underlying weakness and help you get back to daily life with confidence.

Uterine Artery Embolisation

Uterine Artery Embolisation (UAE) is a minimally invasive procedure to treat uterine fibroids (non-cancerous growths in the uterus).

Vaginal Prolapse Surgery

When the muscles and ligaments in your vagina become weak the organs (including your bladder, bowel or uterus) they support may push forward or prolapse.

Vaginoplasty

A vaginoplasty is a surgery carried out to create an aesthetic and functional neo-vagina.

Varicocele embolisation

Varicose vein stripping

If your varicose veins are causing aching, swelling or discomfort, varicose vein stripping at Nuffield Health may help. It's a surgical procedure to remove enlarged, twisted veins from your leg through small incisions in your groin or behind your knee.

Vasectomy or male sterilisation

A vasectomy is a surgical procedure to stop the transfer of sperm during ejaculation. It is a simple, reliable method of contraception. In some cases it is reversible, but you should really think of it as a permanent option.

Vasectomy reversal

A vasectomy is meant to be a permanent form of male contraception. If your circumstances change, this procedure can undo your vasectomy.

VASER Liposuction

VASER liposuction uses ultrasound waves to break up and liquefy fat cells, making them easier to extract.

VenaSeal™Closure

Considering VenaSeal for varicose veins? Find out how this glue-based vein treatment works, its benefits versus heat-based options, and recovery.

Venesection

Find out what a venesection involves, which conditions it treats, and what to expect before, during and after your appointment.

Vertebroplasty

If you’ve been told you have a spinal compression fracture, you may be wondering what vertebroplasty actually involves. It’s a minimally invasive way to stabilise the collapsed bone and help reduce pain but your consultant will decide whether it’s the right option based on your scans and symptoms.

Video-assisted anal fistula surgery treatment (VAAFT)

An anal fistula is a small tunnel that forms between the end of the bowel and the skin near the anus, where faeces exit the body. Typically, anal fistulas develop because of an infection near the anus that leads to the accumulation of pus (abscess) in the surrounding tissue. As the pus drains away, it can leave a small channel or tunnel behind. Anal fistulas can cause discomfort, skin irritation, unpleasant discharge, and usually do not heal spontaneously.

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS)

Considering VATS for a lung or chest condition? Find out what this keyhole chest surgery involves, its benefits, and how recovery typically goes.

Visual field test

A visual field test checks how much you can see around what you're looking at, known as your field of vision. Your Nuffield Health eye specialist may recommend one if you have a family history of glaucoma, symptoms such as blind spots or unexplained headaches, or a condition like diabetes that can affect your eyes.

Vitrectomy

A vitrectomy is surgery to remove the vitreous humour, the clear jelly-like substance that fills your eye, so your consultant can repair problems affecting your retina and restore your vision. Our Nuffield Health eye specialists will explain whether a vitrectomy is right for you and guide you from diagnosis through to recovery.

Vulval lesion excision

Been told you need a vulval lesion excision? Find out what the operation involves, how healing feels, and the risks and recovery timeline to expect.

Vulvoplasty

A vulvoplasty creates all the parts of a vagina except for the vaginal canal. In choosing a cosmetic procedure you will not be able to have penetrative sex.

Watery eye treatment

Watery eyes (epiphora) can be caused by a range of conditions, including blocked tear ducts and tear drainage problems. At Nuffield Health, our consultant ophthalmologists provide specialist assessment and personalised watery eye treatment, from conservative therapies through to advanced lacrimal (tear duct) surgery.

Weight loss surgery

There are several surgical procedures that can help you to lose weight and maintain weight loss. These include gastric band, gastric bypass, gastric balloon and sleeve gastrectomy.

Weight Management in Diabetes

Managing your weight with diabetes? Find out the real benefits, the different approaches available, and how to get started safely and realistically.

Xanthelasma removal surgery

Xanthelasma removal surgery is a cosmetic eyelid procedure is used to remove cholesterol-filled skin lesions called Xanthelasma that appear around the eyelids.

YAG laser capsulotomy

A YAG laser capsulotomy is a procedure to treat 'after-cataract,' a common condition where the membrane behind your lens implant becomes hazy after an initial cataract surgery. This quick and painless laser treatment creates a small, clear window in the cloudy membrane.